Why does the Quran pay special attention to the story of Prophet Abraham?

The Holy Quran, the divine guidance for humanity, pays unparalleled and special attention to the story of Prophet Abraham (peace be upon him). This profound and extensive focus stems from several foundational reasons that have transformed Abraham into a symbol of pure monotheism, absolute submission to divine will, and an unparalleled role model for all believers, including the Prophet of Islam (peace be upon him). His life story is not merely a historical narration; rather, it is a treasure trove of spiritual, ethical, and practical lessons that vividly and tangibly illustrate the fundamental teachings of Islam. One of the most significant reasons for this special emphasis is Prophet Abraham's central role in elucidating and establishing Tawhid (monotheism). The Quran describes him as a 'Hanif,' meaning one who turned away from all forms of polytheism and deviation, inclining with a pure nature towards the One God. The story of Abraham's struggle against idolatry, both within his family and in the broader society of his time, symbolizes steadfastness against falsehood and an invitation to worship the sole God of existence. Quranic verses meticulously detail his logical and enlightening debates with his father (Azar) and his idolatrous people, where he, through rational arguments and observations of nature (the rising and setting of stars, moon, and sun), exposes the invalidity of false deities. He concludes that only the Creator and Sustainer of the heavens and the earth is worthy of worship. This intellectual and practical struggle against polytheism serves as an everlasting model for all who seek to spread the light of monotheism in hearts and societies. The second primary reason for the Quran's attention to Abraham is his depiction as the embodiment of absolute submission to divine will. The word 'Islam' itself means submission and surrender, and Abraham (PBUH) was the perfect manifestation of this submission. The severe and arduous trials he faced throughout his life, including the command to leave his homeland and migrate to unknown territories, abandoning his wife and infant son (Hagar and Ishmael) in the barren, waterless desert of Mecca, and, most notably, the command to sacrifice his beloved son, Ishmael—all are clear examples of his unconditional surrender to God's command. These events showcase his firm faith and unwavering trust in God's wisdom and power. The story of Ishmael's sacrifice is not just a historical event but a profound lesson in devotion, patience, and resolute will, demonstrating how one can act with complete reliance and faith in the face of the most difficult divine tests, thereby attaining the status of 'Khalilullah' (Friend of Allah). This aspect of Abraham's life inspires all believers to cultivate a spirit of submission and self-sacrifice in the divine path. Furthermore, Prophet Abraham (PBUH) is recognized as the father of prophets and the connecting link among the Abrahamic religions. Great prophets such as Moses, Jesus, and Muhammad (PBUH) are all his descendants. By emphasizing the Abrahamic lineage of prophets, the Quran portrays a unity and continuity in divine revelation. This indicates that God's core message throughout history has always been monotheism and submission, with Abraham as the founder of this path of guidance. Muslims are called to follow the 'Millat Ibrahim' (the religion of Abraham), a creed based on pure monotheism and rejection of all forms of polytheism. This Quranic emphasis makes Prophet Abraham a symbol of religious unity and a shared heritage of faith. Another prominent reason for the Quran's focus on his life is the construction of the Kaaba by Abraham and Ishmael (PBUH). The Kaaba, as the first House of Monotheism and the Qibla (direction of prayer) for Muslims, serves as a symbol and center of global unity for the Islamic Ummah. The Quran explicitly refers to this event and recounts the prayers of Abraham and Ishmael during its construction, asking for it to become a safe haven and a cradle of guidance for humanity. This edifice is a perpetual reminder of Abraham and Ishmael's submission to divine command and Mecca's status as a spiritual hub. The rituals of Hajj (pilgrimage) are also deeply rooted in the actions and sacrifices of Abraham, Hagar, and Ishmael, inextricably linking his life story to one of the fundamental pillars of Islam. The supplications of Prophet Abraham, mentioned in numerous Quranic verses, also reveal other dimensions of his character. His prayers for the guidance of his progeny, the establishment of prayer, the security of Mecca, and forgiveness for himself and his parents, are all lessons in reliance on God, hope, and responsibility towards the future and subsequent generations. These prayers demonstrate the depth of his connection and devotion to God and his concern for the spread of faith and piety. In conclusion, the Quran's special attention to the story of Prophet Abraham (PBUH) is not solely due to his historical significance as a great prophet. Rather, it is because his life fully embodies the core concepts of Islam: monotheism, submission, sacrifice, patience, prayer, and the relentless pursuit of truth. He is a practical example of faith who remained steadfast on the path of truth against all worldly challenges and temptations. Therefore, his story is not only inspiring but also a practical guide for every human being seeking the true meaning of life and closeness to God. The Quran intends for believers to learn from Abraham and to make his path a model in their personal and communal lives.