Why is it difficult for me to understand some Quranic verses?

Dear brother or sister, feeling that some verses of the Holy Quran are difficult to comprehend is by no means uncommon, and many Muslims throughout history have experienced this. The Quran, as the Divine Word, possesses profound layers of meaning, and its understanding requires not only linguistic and historical knowledge but, more importantly, spiritual and heartfelt readiness. Let us explore this matter from the perspective of the Quran itself, addressing potential reasons for these difficulties and ways to overcome them. One of the primary reasons for the difficulty in understanding the Quran is the unparalleled depth and richness of its Arabic language. The Quran was revealed in the most eloquent and articulate form of the Arabic language. Every word and phrase within it can carry multiple layers of meaning, from the apparent literal sense to deeper esoteric meanings, metaphors, allusions, and precise connotations. If an individual lacks sufficient familiarity with the rules of Arabic grammar, morphology, rhetoric, and its literary sciences, they will naturally encounter difficulties in grasping many of the subtleties and nuances of the verses. Even for native Arabic speakers, a complete understanding of the Quran demands deep and specialized study. Another reason is the lack of awareness regarding the occasions of revelation (Asbab al-Nuzul) and the historical context of the verses. Many Quranic verses were revealed in response to specific events, particular questions, or in connection with historical occurrences. Understanding these 'Asbab al-Nuzul' (the circumstances and reasons for the revelation of verses) and familiarity with the early Islamic history, culture, and customs of that era, significantly clarifies the meaning of many verses. Without this context, the meaning of a verse might be incomplete or even misunderstood. The Holy Quran is a living and dynamic book that was revealed within the context of the events and happenings of the Prophet's life (peace be upon him and his family) and the early Muslim community. The Quran itself indicates that some verses are 'Muhkam' (clear and unambiguous) and form the foundation of the Book, while others are 'Mutashabih' (allegorical, with multiple meanings and requiring interpretation). This classification is beautifully articulated in Surah Al-Imran, verse 7: "He it is Who has sent down to you the Book. In it are verses that are Muhkam (clear and definite); they are the Mother of the Book; and others are Mutashabih (allegorical)." Those with deviation in their hearts pursue the Mutashabih verses to create discord, while those firm in knowledge say: "We believe in it; all is from our Lord." This demonstrates that a full understanding of the Mutashabih requires deep knowledge and steadfastness of heart, and perhaps some of them may never be fully comprehensible to the human mind, their wisdom remaining veiled in the unseen. Beyond linguistic and historical reasons, spiritual and heartfelt readiness plays a significant role in comprehending the Quran. The Quran itself states that it is a "guidance for the righteous" (Surah Al-Baqarah, verse 2). This means that for a true understanding of the Quran's messages, intelligence and knowledge alone are insufficient; rather, the heart must be pure, the intention sincere, and the spirit receptive and humble. Sins, excessive attachment to worldly matters, arrogance, and prejudice can create veils that hinder the understanding of the Divine light of the Quran. Surah Al-Waqi'ah, verse 79, states: "None touch it except the purified." This purity encompasses cleansing from apparent and inner impurities, including sins, impure thoughts, and ill intentions. 'Tadabbur' (deep reflection) on the verses, which the Quran repeatedly emphasizes (such as in Surah Muhammad, verse 24: "Then do they not reflect upon the Quran, or are there locks upon their hearts?"), means more than just reading and translating. It entails deep contemplation, pondering the meanings, connecting verses with one another and with individual and social life, and striving to uncover its hidden messages. This Tadabbur requires time, focus, and avoidance of haste. Often, we rush through verses and do not allow ourselves the opportunity for deep thought and contemplation. To overcome these difficulties, the following practical suggestions can be offered based on Quranic teachings: 1. Purity of Heart and Intention: The first step is to strive to purify the heart from sins, moral vices, and worldly attachments. Prayer and supplication to Allah for understanding and guidance, as well as sincerity of intention in seeking to understand the Quran, are very effective. When our intention is sincerely to act upon the words of God, the doors of understanding will be opened to us. 2. Seeking Help from Scholars: The Quran states in Surah An-Nahl, verse 43: "So ask the people of the message if you do not know." Referring to reputable commentaries (like Tafsir Al-Mizan, Noor, Namooneh, etc.), attending Quranic study circles with experienced teachers, and asking them questions, can resolve many ambiguities. They have dedicated years of their lives to understanding the Quran and can be our guides. 3. Learning Arabic and Quranic Sciences: Even if you cannot learn Arabic completely, familiarity with its principles and rules, and studying books that delve into Quranic sciences (such as Asbab al-Nuzul, Naskh and Mansukh, Muhkam and Mutashabih), is highly beneficial. This knowledge will open new horizons to your understanding. 4. Recitation with Tadabbur and Repetition: Instead of rushing to finish the entire Quran, choose small sections and read them repeatedly with contemplation and reflection. Compare different translations. Try to identify key words in each verse and find their connection with other Quranic concepts. Even one verse pondered deeply is more valuable than a whole chapter read without contemplation. 5. Acting upon the Verses: The more you act upon what you understand, the more Allah will facilitate your understanding of subsequent verses. The Quran is a book of guidance, not just a book for reading. Acting on knowledge is a stepping stone to greater knowledge. 6. Perseverance and Patience: Understanding the Quran is a gradual and long-term process. Do not despair. With each recitation and reflection, your comprehension will deepen. Allah Himself has promised: "And those who strive for Us – We will surely guide them to Our ways" (Surah Al-Ankabut, verse 69). Finally, remember that the Holy Quran is Allah's eternal miracle, and everyone benefits from it according to their aptitude and effort. Your very feeling of wanting to understand better is a sign of heartfelt eagerness and readiness to receive divine light. Continue your efforts and ask Almighty Allah for ever-increasing success in understanding and acting upon the Quran.