Why does the Quran sometimes speak in a narrative (story-like) way?

The Holy Quran, the divine word and the eternal miracle of the Prophet of Islam, was revealed to guide humanity towards prosperity in this world and the hereafter. One of the most effective and wise methods the Quran employs in fulfilling this mission is the use of narrative and storytelling. This approach not only enhances the beauty and appeal of the discourse but also encompasses profound educational, ethical, historical, and evidential functions, which we will elaborate on. Firstly, and perhaps most importantly, the primary reason for the Quran's use of stories is their unparalleled power in conveying concepts and teaching. The human mind naturally connects better with narratives and anecdotes than with dry instructions or abstract concepts. Stories bring concepts to life, making them tangible and understandable. When the Quran recounts the histories of past nations or prophets, it immerses the listener in the narrative, allowing them to empathize with the characters and clearly see the consequences of their actions. This method of teaching is far more effective than direct admonition because it conveys lessons not by telling, but by showing. For instance, the story of Prophet Yusuf (Joseph), with all its ups and downs, not only beautifully portrays patience, reliance on God, chastity, and forgiveness, but also teaches us how divine destiny can bring forth the best outcomes even from the most severe difficulties. This ensures that the Quranic messages deeply penetrate the listener's heart and endure. The second function of Quranic narratives is to clarify and solidify moral principles and human values. By illustrating the fate of oppressors, the good end of the righteous, the reward of the patient, and the retribution of the disbelievers, the Quran clearly delineates the standards of right and wrong, justice and injustice, goodness and evil. Stories such as that of Qarun, who was swallowed by the earth due to his arrogance and attachment to worldly wealth, or the story of the People of the Cave, who detached themselves from the world to preserve their faith, provide practical examples of Quranic concepts. These narratives serve as positive and negative behavioral models, helping individuals distinguish right from wrong and learn from the mistakes of those who came before them. They teach us not to merely look at the superficial outcome of an action, but to assess its depth and intention, and consider its long-term consequences. This method significantly helps in strengthening the will and motivation to act according to divine commands. The third significance of storytelling in the Quran is its provision of historical context and affirmation of the continuity of divine messages. By recounting the stories of previous prophets, such as Adam, Noah, Abraham, Moses, Jesus, and others, the Quran demonstrates that the call to monotheism and the path of servitude to God has continued from the beginning of human creation until now. These stories not only affirm the authenticity of the message of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) and place him in the continuum of divine messengers but also assure the audience that this path is not new or unprecedented, but rather the path of all prophets and divine saints. This significantly strengthened the faith of believers and provided comfort to the Prophet (PBUH) against the persecution of polytheists. Additionally, these stories served as answers to the doubts of the People of the Book and as a sign of divine omniscience; for the unlettered Prophet received these precise historical details through revelation. The fourth reason is the deep psychological and emotional impact of stories. Quranic narratives, by engaging the listener's emotions and feelings, leave a more lasting impression than mere information transfer. The story of Prophet Ayyub (Job) is a lesson in patience and perseverance in the face of adversity that not only convinces the intellect but also moves the heart and instills hope. The story of Prophet Moses (PBUH) and his struggle against Pharaoh symbolizes the stand of truth against falsehood and the ultimate victory of the oppressed, igniting a sense of hope and power in the hearts of believers. These narratives, in a way, offered solace to the Prophet (PBUH) and early believers who were enduring difficult conditions; by hearing the histories of previous prophets and the hardships they endured, and ultimately triumphed, they strengthened their patience and resilience, and were assured that divine succor was not far off. Finally, the use of narratives is also considered one of the facets of the Quran's miraculous nature. How could an unlettered person provide such detailed and precise information about past histories without consulting books and historical sources? These stories demonstrate the divine origin of the Quranic text and testify to the truthfulness of the Holy Prophet (PBUH). Moreover, the manner in which stories are told in the Quran is such that repetition, far from being tiresome, offers a new perspective each time and conveys fresh messages, which itself is a testament to the Quran's unparalleled eloquence and fluency. The Quran frequently uses the word 'ibrah (lesson and admonition) to refer to the purpose of these stories, as in Surah Yusuf, verse 111, which states: 'Indeed, in their stories is a lesson for those of understanding.' This indicates that the primary goal is to educate and draw lessons. In summary, Quranic narratives are not merely entertaining tales; they are powerful tools for guidance, education, proving truthfulness, and instilling tranquility and hope. Each story contains a treasure trove of wisdom and lessons, presented to the audience in an eloquent and engaging manner, serving as a beacon for living a life in the light of faith and devotion to Almighty God. Therefore, contemplating these narratives is a key to unlocking the doors of knowledge and achieving true prosperity. This unique Quranic method keeps it vibrant and dynamic for all times and places, embedding its messages deep within human souls.