Does the Quran talk about the value of silence?

The Holy Quran, as the divine word and a comprehensive guide for human life, addresses various aspects of ethics and human virtues with a warm and friendly tone. While the word "silence" (صمت) itself may not be frequently emphasized as a direct and independent virtue in the Quran, numerous concepts and directives within its verses indirectly and profoundly illuminate the value and significance of purposeful and contemplative silence. This valuing is not merely about the absence of speech, but rather about self-restraint in speaking, active listening, deep reflection, and maintaining inner tranquility. One of the most significant aspects the Quran refers to, which is intricately linked with silence, is "Tadabbur" (contemplation) and "Tafakkur" (reflection). In many verses, Allah invites humanity to ponder upon the creation of the heavens and the earth, the divine signs in nature, and even within one's own being. This contemplation and reflection necessitate a state of inner and outer tranquility and silence, allowing individuals to perceive divine greatness and wisdom with focused attention and a concentrated mind. For instance, in Surah Al-Imran, verses 190 and 191, Allah refers to people of understanding who find signs in the creation of the heavens and the earth and the alternation of night and day. These are the ones who remember Allah while standing, sitting, and lying on their sides, and they ponder upon the creation of the heavens and the earth. This pondering occurs more effectively and deeply in silence and mental solitude, leading to increased faith and humility before the Lord. Silence here is not about idleness but about focus and purifying the mind from worldly clamor, allowing the heart to connect with divine words and signs of His power. Another aspect is "Hifz al-Lisan" or guarding the tongue, which is considered one of the most prominent moral virtues in Islam, with strong Quranic roots. The Holy Quran strictly prohibits idle talk, backbiting, slander, tale-bearing, and any speech that causes harm to others. In Surah Qaf, verse 18, Allah says: "مَّا يَلْفِظُ مِن قَوْلٍ إِلَّا لَدَيْهِ رَقِيبٌ عَتِيدٌ" (Not a word does he utter but there is a watcher by him ready [to record it]). This verse indicates that every word uttered is recorded, and humans are accountable for it. This accountability in speech naturally leads to a person reflecting before speaking. If a word is not beneficial or potentially harmful, it is better to remain silent. Therefore, silence in this context is not only an avoidance of sin but also a sign of wisdom, deliberation, and piety. This silence acts as a barrier protecting one's tongue from slips and errors, preserving reputation and social harmony. When a person refrains from idle talk, they find an opportunity to contemplate more important matters and reflect on the word of truth. Furthermore, "active and attentive listening" to the word of truth and divine verses is another example of the value of silence in the Quran. In Surah Al-A'raf, verse 204, we read: "وَإِذَا قُرِئَ الْقُرْآنُ فَاسْتَمِعُوا لَهُ وَأَنصِتُوا لَعَلَّكُمْ تُرْحَمُونَ" (And when the Qur'an is recited, then listen to it and pay attention that you may receive mercy). The word "Ansitu" in this verse means complete silence and listening with full presence. This silence signifies complete concentration on the divine message, so that the heart and mind may be receptive to divine guidance and mercy. This Quranic recommendation applies not only to the Quran but also to any situation requiring deep understanding and comprehension. Listening with silence and attention is a sign of respect, humility, and readiness to learn. This holds true in human relationships as well; one who listens well builds healthier connections and gains a deeper understanding of others. Moreover, in the sphere of "worship and remembrance" (dhikr), inner silence and humility (khushu') are of paramount importance. The Quran invites believers to remember Allah. In Surah Al-A'raf, verse 205, Allah states: "وَاذْكُر رَّبَّكَ فِي نَفْسِكَ تَضَرُّعًا وَخِيفَةً وَدُونَ الْجَهْرِ مِنَ الْقَوْلِ بِالْغُدُوِّ وَالْآصَالِ وَلَا تَكُن مِّنَ الْغَافِلِينَ" (And remember your Lord within yourself in humility and in fear without being apparent in speech—[at least] in the mornings and the evenings; and do not be among the heedless). This verse explicitly refers to silent and internal remembrance, which necessitates a form of inner quietude and focus. This silence is not merely the silence of the tongue but the silence of the heart from worldly concerns, focusing on the remembrance of Allah, which brings inner peace and tranquility. It helps individuals establish a deeper connection with their Creator and find relief from anxieties and worries. In conclusion, it can be said that the Holy Quran values silence not as an end in itself but as a means to achieve higher goals. This silence is one that stems from contemplation, wisdom, self-restraint, and respect. It is a silence that guides one towards deeper reflection, more effective listening, more responsible speech, and more sincere worship. These various aspects of silence help individuals navigate their lives with greater tranquility and establish more meaningful connections with Allah and those around them. Therefore, even if the word "silence" is not directly mentioned as a virtue in the Quran, the principles and values it advocates clearly demonstrate that purposeful and deliberate silence holds a special place in the intellectual and ethical framework of Islam. This silence does not arise from an inability to speak but from the power of self-control and focus on what is truly important.